Betta Fish Behavior Before Death

Published May 13, 2024 | By Matt

Whether due to old age, disease, or environmental factors, recognizing the signs of a dying Betta fish can help you provide the best possible care in their final days.

In this guide, we’ll discuss the common behaviors Betta fish exhibit before death, the possible causes, and what you can do to make them comfortable. In some cases, early intervention may even save your fish.

1. Common Signs of a Dying Betta Fish

As Betta fish approach the end of their lifespan, they often exhibit certain behaviors that indicate something is wrong. These include:

1.1. Lethargy & Lack of Activity

Your Betta may stop swimming actively and spend most of its time resting at the bottom of the tank or floating near the surface.
Reduced interaction with you—if your Betta used to respond to your presence but now seems unresponsive, this is a red flag.

1.2. Loss of Appetite

Bettas typically have a strong appetite. If they suddenly stop eating or spit out their food, it could signal illness or old age.
If food remains uneaten for several feedings, monitor their other behaviors closely.

1.3. Color Fading

A once-bright Betta may appear dull or pale, with its vibrant colors fading.
This can be due to stress, illness, or simply aging.

1.4. Clamped Fins

Instead of flaring out normally, the fins remain tightly folded against the body.
This is a common sign of stress, sickness, or poor water conditions.

1.5. Erratic Swimming or Floating Issues

Some Bettas struggle to swim and may float on their side, sink to the bottom, or appear to “wobble.”
This can indicate swim bladder disease, a common issue caused by overfeeding, constipation, or bacterial infection.

1.6. Labored Breathing (Gasping at the Surface)

If your Betta is frequently gasping at the surface or showing rapid gill movement, it may be struggling to get oxygen.
This could indicate ammonia poisoning, poor water quality, or illness affecting the gills.

1.7. Bloated Belly or Dropsy (Severe Swelling)

A swollen body with raised, pinecone-like scales is a sign of dropsy, which is often fatal.
Dropsy is caused by fluid retention due to kidney failure, and unfortunately, recovery is rare.

1.8. White Patches, Fungal Growths, or Parasites

If you notice white spots, cotton-like growths, or golden dust, your Betta may be suffering from Ich, fungus, or Velvet disease.
These illnesses are treatable if caught early but can be fatal if left untreated.

2. Common Causes of Betta Fish Death

2.1. Natural Aging

Betta fish live 2-5 years on average, and as they near the end of their lifespan, they slow down, eat less, and their colors fade. If your Betta is over 3 years old, natural aging could be the cause of their decline.

2.2. Poor Water Conditions

Water quality is the #1 factor affecting Betta health. Common water-related issues include:

Ammonia and Nitrite Poisoning – High levels of waste build up in the tank, damaging gills and causing lethargy.
Sudden Temperature Changes – Bettas need a stable temperature between 78-82°F (25-28°C).
pH Imbalance – Sudden pH fluctuations (ideal range: 6.8-7.5) can stress Bettas.

2.3. Diseases and Infections

Fin Rot – Fins appear ragged, torn, or decaying due to bacterial infection.
Ich (White Spot Disease) – Small white dots on the body, often treated with aquarium salt and medication.
Swim Bladder Disease – Causes difficulty swimming or floating, often due to overfeeding or infection.
Dropsy – A serious illness that causes fluid buildup and swollen scales. Unfortunately, survival rates are low.

2.4. Stress and Injury

Stress weakens a Betta’s immune system and can be caused by:

Aggressive Tank Mates – Bettas are solitary and should not be housed with aggressive fish.
Overhandling – Bettas dislike being touched, and excessive interaction can stress them out.
Sharp Decorations – Rough tank decorations can damage their delicate fins.

2.5. Overfeeding and Poor Diet

Bettas should be fed small, high-protein meals (like pellets or frozen bloodworms) once or twice daily.
Overfeeding can lead to constipation, bloating, and swim bladder disease.

3. What to Do If Your Betta Shows These Signs

3.1. Check Water Quality Immediately

Test ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, and pH levels using an aquarium test kit.
Perform a 25-50% water change if necessary.

3.2. Adjust Tank Conditions

Ensure the heater is set to 78-82°F.
Keep the filter running, but avoid strong currents.
If your Betta is stressed, add live plants or hiding spots for comfort.

3.3. Treat Illnesses Promptly

Swim Bladder Disease → Fast for 24-48 hours and then feed a small piece of cooked, peeled pea.
Fin Rot & Fungal Infections → Use aquarium salt and ensure clean water. Severe cases may require antibiotics.
Ich & Velvet → Raise tank temperature slightly and use anti-parasitic treatments.
Dropsy → Unfortunately, this is usually fatal, but Epsom salt baths may help reduce swelling.

4. Providing Comfort in Their Final Days

If your Betta is beyond treatment, focus on comfort care:
✅ Keep the tank clean and stable – Avoid unnecessary water changes.
✅ Reduce strong currents – Bettas with weak swimming ability need calm water.
✅ Feed soft, easy-to-eat foods – If your Betta still eats, offer small, gentle meals.
✅ Minimize handling – Too much interaction may cause stress.

When to Consider Humane Euthanasia

If your Betta is suffering and not responding to treatment, consider humane euthanasia using clove oil to peacefully put them to sleep.

5. Dealing With the Loss of Your Betta

5.1. Handling the Remains

Burial – A simple option in a garden or special spot.
Aquarium-Safe Disposal – Some fish owners prefer a respectful tank-side farewell.

5.2. Coping With Grief

Losing a pet, even a small one, can be difficult. Take time to process and reflect on the good memories.

5.3. When to Get Another Betta?

If you’re considering getting another Betta, make sure your tank is cleaned and cycled properly before introducing a new fish.

Conclusion

Recognizing the signs of a dying Betta can help you act quickly—sometimes saving their life, or at least ensuring they pass peacefully. By maintaining proper water conditions, providing a stress-free environment, and treating illnesses early, you can extend your Betta’s lifespan and enjoy their companionship for years to come.

If this guide helped you, consider sharing it with other Betta owners. 🐠💙